Brush-holder for electrical machines.



. J. H. WOOLLISGROFT. BRUSH HOLDER FOR ELECTRIC MACHINES. APPLICATION FILED NOV. 20, 1908.

921,327. Patented May 11, 1909.

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J. H. WOOLLISGROPT. BRUSH HOLDER FOR ELECTRIC MACHINES. APPLICATION FILED NOV. 20, 1908.

921,327. Patented May 11, 1909.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

JOHN WOOLLISOROFT, OF HAWARDEN, ENGLAND.

BRUSH-HOLDER FOR ELECTRICAL MAGHINES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 11, 1909.

Application filed November 20, 1908. Serial No. 463,691.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it kn own that I, JOHN HAROLD WooL- msouor'r, A. M. I. E. E, subject of the King the county of Flint, l Vales, England, have invented. certain new and useful Improvements in and Connected with BrusluHc-lders for Electrical lijlachines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has for its object the production oi a brush holder for electrical inachines, which while possessing the desirable uality of providing a light, and. adjustable mounting of the brush with small inertia of the moving parts, shall be more simple in construction an d more cheap to manufacture 1 than the brush. holders at present in use.

The device, as is usual in brush holders, comprises two arms or sets of arms, one set adapted to he rigidly fixed, and the other set inovablv mounted. and adapted to apply pressure to the carbon or other brush, a spring member being arranged in between these two arms or sets oi arms or relatively thereto so as to provide the necessary pressure.

According to the present; invention these arms and the device for attaching them to the bar of the brush rigging, are made of wire bent to the desired form. The device for attaining the fixed arm or arms to the bar, is

which the brush is to be fused from the bar. t this point the two ends 01 the wire are bent back u )on themselves formin an cvc I {X u l I u 7 b N ot ureat Britain, residing at llawarden, 1n

(Z. Then the two ends of the wire are sepa rated. slightly and coiled around into circular loops 6 of slightly larger size than the bar f upon which the holder to be nio'u the ends oi these coils the wires tern ate in eyes The toggle device for tightening up these coils so as to grip the bar, is formed of two members 7% and 76,- one of these, 72, engages with one end of the eye (7,, termed at the commencement of the coils c as above mentioned, while the other end is engager by the second member 1;. 'his latter is formed as a U piece the ends of the arms of e d. At

' which engage the eyes 9 at the ends of the formed by bending the wire into a loop or i In order that the invention may be more clearly understood, it will now be described i with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which 1 .l iguro l is a side elevation of a brush holder in position Fig. 2, a plan thereof; Figs. 3 and i, corresponding views showing a modification; Fig. 5, a side elevation oi a modified part of the holder; and Figs. 6 and 7, side elevation and plan respectively showing a method oi mounting the brush in the h o lder.

1n the forms shown a carbon bloclr a is used sliding lit in a loop 1) formed by bending a piece oi' wire to the shape of the block. two ends of this loop are then brought to gether and used to form the f xed bar a, being carried back for the desired distance at The i coils e.

The n ember l1 is pivotally connected to the member 7c by means of eyes or or the like at about hall way along the arms oi the U. The end of the U serves as the handle which is moved when it is desired to tighten up or loosen the clip. The two members it and l; are so proportioned that when the second meinber is moved over into one position, the two ends of each coil c are brought slightly nearer together, thus causing the coils to decrease slightly iii diameter, and, grip the bar f upon which the are placed.

The niovable arm n which applies the pressure to the brush a formed as a U shaped member, the zi iddle part oi v-rhich presses upon a. groove in the top oi the cnrboi'i. block. The ends of the said wesber are formed eyes or loops 6 to engage either around the bar of the rigging or (as shown) some part of the holding clip. The necessary 5 pressure to the carbon brush is supplied by means of a spring 7) located between the fixed and the movable bars, 0 and n, being attached to the latter by the lllilGlEitlidl'Y of a bridge piece Q which straddles the U. This bridge piece is preferably mounted so as to be movable along the or as so as to adjust the pressure and leverage ol' the spring, notches '1 being provided to retain the bridge in position.

A good conducting contact between the brush and the holder is provided b ii eans ol a flexible i'netallic connection 8, one end of which is conductivelv secured to the block, while the other end engages with some part of the lived arm 0.

it will be seen that the torn of clip above llL) described, has the advantage of being instantaneously p red or released without any tool being necessary. .li', for instance, it is desi ed to take one brush holder out of operation, so as to pa. it eXa nation or change of brush, it is simply necessary to operate the toggle dew to loosen the coil, turn the holder up so as to raise the brush iron the commutator or slip ring, and fasten the clip again and secure the holder in that position, r instead or ope ating the toggle device siz'nply raise the pressure ar 2': and draw the brush out of the lo p 5; ii desired holding the brush by placing ne end against the outer transverse part of the loop and the other end against the pressure lriy holder also provides what is required in a good brush holder, na .ly lightness and ability to conl'orn to and 0.681) in direct contact with the rotating commutator or slip ring of electrical ir-achines. The lightness of the oving parts of the holder allows the brush to readily conforror give, to follow any vibration or peculi ties of the connintator, and is particularly suited for high speed machines. I obtain by v invention lightness and cheapness oi nulacture. It being entirely or ostl ade of wire, castings for the most part are done away with. Furthermore the loop or retaining box for the brush being of wire, or if preferred of a metallic stamping, there is very little "friction between the brush and the loop or box, which is made of small section just suifi c ient to retain the brush, and airply arry c .rrent from the brush by ans of the flexible pigtai thereby being in direct metallic contact with the brush ai It will be obvious that although the device has been described in considerable detail, the invention is not liii-ited to the precise construction mentioned. l or instance, it is not essential that a carbon block sha l be used for the brush, although in the n of cases it is considered the more suitable form. Again, it is not essential that the brush should be supported in a guide loop carried by the fixed a The brush be entirely fixed by eans of the movable aria (see 5), the fixed arm 0 siiiiply serving as support for one end of the pressure spring p. is shown in Fig. when a carbon block a is used for the brush, this y be attached to the arms '11 which support it, by for ing holes in the sides or the block, into which the ends w oil the supporting arms a engage or are trunnioned, an arrangement such as horizontal grooves a: in the block in which the arir s it also engage being provided to hold the brush against turning on the trunnions and a flexible metallic connection 8 taken from the center of the carbon, to the fixed arms 0. 7

is shown in Figs. 6 and 7, the brush a. ma T be connected to the pressure arm n and to the flexible conductor s by means of a metallic cap g which springs tightly over the upper end ol' the brush, and, if desired, fit into a. ed therein, lugs 2 being provided for securing to the pressure {11*11; a and a clip 3 for attachment to the conductor s. In this case when it is desired to change a brush it is si -r ply necessary to withdraw it iron the cap a, and insert another in its place. v

if desired the bridge piece can be oi fiber or any suitable insulating material, so that tension can be put upon the brush, when the irachine is running, and the said bridge piece so ar iged, that it can be rocked or walked iorwznd to adjust the position of the spring, thus giving dii'lerent pressures or leverage to the carbon brush.

The spring instead of being of the hind hereinbeiore described can (as shown in Figs. 8 and l), be a helical spring 2? formed with a projecting area it in one with it, this ar. 2 being coupled by a link 1) to the fixed ar c, which link is either fixed in position on the ar;n or sliding thereon.

The fixed with the loop for the sliding brush, can be fitted or provided with a gage or distance pin if desired, to determine that the loop shall always be brought back to the saizze position to which the brush was initially bedded. This pin can be of ivory or other suitable insulating .material, and placed at any convenient part of the fixed arm, either in front or behind the brush. By this device, the distance the arm has to be brought into proxi'nity with the con entator is gaged, and so insure that the brush holder alter being disturbed, shall be brought baclz to the sane position as before.

1 declare that what l elai n is 1. A brush holder for electrical hines cotznprising a nie iLer adapted to encir ale the brush bar, a toggle device for tightening said ber on said bar, brush. supporting means attached to said n'zeuiber and means for applying pressure to the brush.

2. A brush holder for electrical machines co prising a liter; ber adapted to encir is the brush bar, a toggle device for tighten ng said .eznber on the bar, a pair of inc ers, one rigidly attached to said encirclin me ber and the other pivotally mounted relative thereto, adapted to support the brush, and means for applying pressure to the brush.

3. A brush holder for electrical machines comprising a member adapted to encircle the brush bar, a toggle device for ightening said member on the bar, a pair of members one rigidly attached to said encircling member and the other pivotally mounted relative thereto, adapted to support the brush, and a spring device connecting said pair of members.

4. A brush holder for electrical machines comprising a member formed of wire coils adapted to encircle the brush bar, a toggle device for tightening the member on the bar, amember formed by a continuation of the wire coils of the encircling member and ex tending outwardly therefrom, a second outwardly extending member ivotally mounted relative to the first mem er and a spring connection between these two outwardly extending members, said two members thus connected serving as means for supporting and a )plying pressure to the brush.

5. brush holder for electrical machines comprising a member adapted to encircle the brush bar, a toggle device for tightening the member on the bar consisting of two parts pivotally connected with the two ends of the encircling member and also pivotally connected together and one prolonged past the point of connection to form a handle; brush supporting means attached to said encircling member and means for applying pressure to the brush.

6. A brush holder for electrical machines comprising a member adapted to encircle the brush bar, said member being formed of wires which are bent upon themselves to form an eye and then coiled into loops; a toggle device for tightening said member upon the bar engaging the ends of the coils and the eye; brush supporting means attached to said encircling member and means for applying pressure to the brush.

7. A brush iolder for electrical machines comprising a member formed of wires bent back upon themselves to form an eye and then coiled into loops adapted to encircle the brush bar; a toggle device for tightening the member on the bar consisting of two parts pivotally connected with the ends of the coils and the eye respectively and also pivotally connected together and one prolonged past the point of connection to form a handle; brush supporting means attached to said encircling member and means for applying pressure to the brush.

8. A brush holder for electrical machines comprising a member formed of wires bent back upon themselves to form an eye and then coiled into loops adapted to encircle the brush bar, a toggle device for tightening the encircling member on the bar, a member formed by a continuation of the wires which 3 form the eye and extending outwardly from the encircling member, a second outwardly extending member pivotally mounted relative to the first member and a spring connection between these two outwardly extending members, said two members thus connected serving as means for supporting and applying pressure to the brush,

9. A brush holder for electrical machines com )rising a member adapted to encircle the. rush bar, a toggle device for tightening the member on the bar consisting of two parts each formed of a piece of wire bent into approximately Ushape, one of these U-shaped pieces engaging one end of the encircling member by the ends of its arms, while the other U-shaped piece engages with its central part the other end of the encircling member, the two ends of this latter U-shaped piece being engaged by loops in the arms of the first mentioned U-shaped piece, the middle part of which serves as a handle; brush supporting means attached to the encircling member and means for applying pressure to the brush.

10. A brush holder for electrical machines comprising a member formed of wire coils adapted to encircle the brush bar, a toggle device for tightening said member on the bar consisting of two parts each formed of a piece of udre bent into approximately U shape, one of these -shaped pieces engaging the wire coils at one end by the ends of its arms, while the other U-shaped piece ongages With its central part the other ends of the coils, the two ends of this latter U-shaped piece being engaged by loops in the arms of the iii-st mentioned U-shaped piece, the middle part of which serves as a handle; brush supporting means attached to the encircling coils and means for applying pressure to the brush.

11. A brush holder for electrical machines comprising a member adapted to encircle the brush bar formed of wires which are bent upon themselves to form an eye and. then coiled into loops, a toggle device for tightening the member on the bar consisting of two parts each formed of a piece of wire bent into approximately U-shape, one of these U- shaped. pieces engaging the ends of the coils by the ends of its arms, while the other U- shaped piece engages with its central part the eye, the two ends of this latter U-shaped piece being engaged by loops in the arms of the first mentioned U-shaped piece, the middle part of which serves as a handle; brush supporting means attached to the encircling member and means for applying pressure to the brush.

12. A brush holder for electrical machines comprising a member adapted to encircle the brush bar, a toggle device for tightening said member on the bar, a pair of members, one rigidly attached to said. encircling member and the other pivotally mounted relative thereto, adapted to support the brush, a spring connection firmly attached to one of said pair of members and adjust/ably connected with the other said pair of members.

13. A brush holder for electrical machines 9 comprising a member formed of wire coils ada ted to encircle the brush bar a to 'le J ht:

. device for tightening said member on the bar, a member formed by a continuation of the wire coils of the encircling member and extending outwardly therefrom, a second outwardly extending member pivotally mounted relative to the first member, a spring connection firmly attached to one of said outwardly extending members and connected. to the other oi said members by means of a part which is adjustable along said member.

14. A brush holder electrical machines comprising member formed of wire coils adapted to encircle the br .sh bar, a toggle device for tightening said member on the bar, a member formed by a continuation of the wire coils of the encircling member and extending outwardly therefrom, and having at its outer end a loop adapted to receive and serve as a guide for the brush, a second out wardly extending member nivotally mounted relative to the first member, and a spring connection between these two members.

15. A brush holder for electrical machines comprising a member formed of wire coils adapted to encircle the brush bar, a toggle device for tightening said member on the bar, a member formed by a continuation of the wire coils of the encircling membe' and extending outwardly therefrom, and having at its outer end a loop adapted to receive and serve as a guide for the brush, a second outwardly extending member pivotallymounted relative to the first member and adapted to press with its outer end upon a brush sliding in the loop of said first member, and a spring connection between these two members.

16. A brush holder for electrical machines comprising a member formed of wire coils adapted to encircle the brush bar, device for tightening said member on the bar, a mem 61 ormed by a continuation of the wire coils of the encircling memb .r and extending outwardly therefrom and having at its outer end a loop adapted to receive and serve a guide for the brush, a second outwardly extending member pivotally mounted relative to the first member and formed of a U-shaped piece of wire, t to center of which is adapted to bear on a brush mounted in the loop of the first liclillfrel, and a spring connection between these two embers.

17. A brush holder for electrical machines comprising a member formed of wire co'l adapted to encircle the brush bar, a device for tightening said member on the bar a member formed by continuation of tlr wire coils of the encircling member and extending outwardly the 'ei'rom and having at its outer end a loop adapted to receive d serve guide for the brush, a second outwardly extending member pivotally mounted relative to the first member and formed of a U-shaped piece of wire, the center of which is adapted to bear on a br sh mounted in the loop of the first member, a brid -e piece mounted on the arms of said U-shaped memher and spring connection. between said bridge piece and the first mentioned out- Wardly extending member.

18. A brush holder for electrical machines comprising nember formed of wire coils adapted to encircle the brush bar, a toggle device for tightening said member on the bar, a member formed by a continuation of the Wire coils of the encircling member and extending outwardly therefrom and having at its outer end a loop adapted to receive and serve as a guide for the brush, a second outwardly extending member pivotally mounted relative to the first member and formed of a Ushaped piece of wir the center of which is adapted to bear a brush mounted in the loop of the first member, a bridge piece extending between the arms i said U-shaped member and adjustable thereupon, a spring connection between said bridge piece and the first mentioned outwardly extending member.

19. A brush holder for elec r cal machines eomprisil g a member adapted to encircle the brush bar, a toggle device for tightening said member on the bar, a member rigidly attached to said encircling member and ex tending outwardly t'ierei'rom and formed at its outer end as a loop adapted to serve as a guide for the brush, a "econd outwardly extending member pivotally mounted relative to said encir ng member, a spring connection between said two outwardly extending member, a metal cap adapted to fit tightly over the end. of the brush and to recc've the end of the pivot-a mounted inenibe and an electrically conducting connection between said cap and said fixed ouiywardly extending member.

20. A. brush holder for electr 1 machines comprisin member adapted to encircle the brush bar, a toggle device for tightening said member on the bar, a member rigidly attached to aid encircling member and extending outwardly therefrom and formed at its outer end as loop adapted to serve as guide for the brush, a second outwardly extending memo er oivotally mounted relative to said encircling member, a mg connectween said two outwardly extending -14, metal cap ad opted to fit tightl over the end of the brush and attached to the outer end of the pivotally mounted member, and a conductive connection between said cap and said fixed outwardly extending member.

21. A brush holder for electrical machines comprising nien'iber adapted to encircle the brush bar, t gle device for tightening said nber on tne bar, a member r dly ated to said encircling member and exing outwardly therefrom and formed at s outer end as a loop adapted to serve as a guide for the brush, a second outwardly exending member pivotally mounted relative .o said encircling member, a spring connecl I l -i ally mounted member and a conductive con- Witnesses:

l l i tion between two said outwardly extending In Witness whereof, I have hereunto signed members, a metal cap adapted to fit tightly my name this 11 day of Novr. 1908, in the over the end of the brush and formed with a presence of two subscribing Witnesses. groove to receive the outer end of said pivot- JOHN H. W OOLLISOROFT.

nection between said cap and said fixed out- WM. PIERCE, Wardly extending member.

H. WILLIAMs. 

